Rotational molding is a highly versatile manufacturing option that
allows for unlimited design possibilities with the added benefit of
low production costs.
Process Overview
The rotational molding process starts with a good quality mold that
is placed in a molding machine that has a loading, heating, and cooling
area.
Several molds may be placed on the machine at the same time. Pre-measured
plastic resin is loaded into each mold, and then the molds are moved
into the oven where they are slowly rotated on both the vertical and
horizontal axis. The melting resin sticks to the hot mold and coats
every surface evenly. The mold continues to rotate during the cooling
cycle so the parts retain an even wall thickness.
Once the parts are cooled, they are released from the mold. The rotational
speed, heating and cooling times are all controlled throughout the process.
Design Advantages
Rotational molding offers design advantages over other molding processes.
With proper design, parts that are assembled from several pieces can
be molded as one part, eliminating expensive fabrication costs.
The process also has a number of inherent design strengths, such as
consistent wall thickness and strong outside corners that are virtually
stress free. If additional strength is required, reinforcing ribs can
be designed into the part.
Rotational molding delivers the product the designer envisions. Designers
can select the best material for their application, including materials
that meet FDA requirements. Additives to help make the part weather
resistant, flame retardant, or static free can be specified.
Inserts, threads, handles, minor undercuts, flat surfaces that eliminate
draft angles or fine surface detail can all be part of the design. Designers
also have the option of multi-wall molding that can be either hollow
or foam filled.
Cost Advantages
When cost is a factor, rotational molding has the advantage over other
types of processes as well. In comparison to injection and blow molding,
rotational molding can easily produce large and small parts in a cost
effective manner. Tooling is less expensive because there's no internal
core to manufacture. Since there is no internal core, minor changes
can be easily made to an existing mold.
And because parts are formed with heat and rotation, rather than pressure,
molds don't need to be engineered to withstand the high pressure of
injection molding.
Production costs for product conversions are reduced because lightweight
plastics replace heavier, often more costly materials. Which makes rotational
molding as cost effective for one-of-a-kind prototypes as it is for
large production runs.